When the University of Mississippi medical Center opened its doors in 1955, Dr. Orlando J. Andy headed the Department of Neurosurgery. In 1958, a residency in clinical neurosurgery was developed with the assistance of Dr. James Brown, associate dean for student programs, and Dr. Charles Neil, clinical professor of neurosurgery. With the assistance of Dr. Ralph McChin, experimental psychologist, a research laboratory was developed in 1959. Several years later, a clinical laboratory of diagnostic psychology and electroencephalography was developed with the assistance of Dr. Marion Jurko, electroencephalographer and clinical psychologist. During Dr. Andy's tenure from 1955 to 1979 the patients from Mississippi became the backbone of the neurosurgery training program at the University Hospitals and at hospitals at the G.V. Sonny Montomery Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Centers

In 1961, a program was developed in general neurosurgery that met board requirements. Subsequently, neurosurgeons interested in specialized fields, representing advanced treatments and research, were added to the faculty. Clinical research done at this time involved behavioral and electrographic studies which were performed on all patients who had the following procedures: thalamotomy for motor, pain and behavior disorders; amygdalotomy for intractable complex partial seizures; thalamic stimulation electrode implant for pain and motor disorders; and cortical recording and mapping in brain tumor and seizure problems.

The laboratory animal research was a postdoctoral training program in the anatomy and physiology of behavior which was developed in conjunction with the Oxford campus department of psychology. Research centered on the anatomy and electrophysiology of behavior in rats, cats and monkeys. Behavioral changes in conditioned and non-conditioned freely moving subjects were studied in relation to electrical stimulation and after-discharges of limbic and cortical structures. Other studies related the limbic discharge to brainstem stimulation effects, propagation patterns and blood pressure changes. Until his retirement in 1997, Dr. Dudley Peeler directed an extensive research effort focusing on memory and emotion-related behaviors of recombinant inbred mouse strains.

In 1979, Dr. Robert R. Smith was appointed chairman of the department after serving several years on the faculty. Dr. Smith is one of the premiere neurovascular surgeons in the country and his clinical interest varies from the management of intracranial aneurysmal and subarachnoid hemorrhage to ischemic stroke to how it might be treated surgically. Dr. Smith's laboratory research included the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of cerebral vasopasm. He chaired the department until 1994.

In 1995 Dr. Andrew D. Parent was appointed chairman of the department of neurosurgery. Dr. Parent has served as a neurosurgery faculty member at the Medical Center since 1978. Dr. Parent is a widely respected pediatric neurosurgeon in the country and is one of only two Pediatric Neurosurgeons in the state of Mississippi. Under Dr. Parent's leadership the following services and programs have been established in the Department of Neurosurgery: Stereotactic (pain, motor, seizure, behavior), Pediatric, Vascular, Pituitary, Skull base, Epilepsy, Brain tumor and Spine. Research in the Neurosurgery Laboratory is presently conducted by the Neurosurgery Faculty and, under their direction, neurosurgery residents and post-doctoral research fellows conduct research in immunotherapy of brain tumors, stroke and cerebrovascular disease, neurobehavioral genetics, and motor and behavioral neurophysiology.

In 2008, Dr. Haynes L. Harkey, III was appointed chairman of the department of neurosurgery. Dr. Harkey has been a faculty member of the department since 1990. He has for a number of years served as the residency director. Dr. Harkey specializes in the treatment of spinal disorders and spinal trauma.

The Department of Neurosurgery is committed to providing the best neurological care possible and to continue on the cutting edge of medical technological development through research.

Olando J. Andy, M.D.

Robert R. Smith, M.D.

Andrew D. Parent, M.D.

Haynes L. Harkey, III, M.D.